
The IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) is a type 1 cytokine receptor consisting of three subunits: IL-2R alpha (CD25), IL-2/IL-15R beta (CD122) and IL-2R gamma (CD132). The high-affinity trimeric receptor form consists of all three subunits and is found on regulatory T cells (Treg), activated CD4 and CD8 effector T cells and some natural killer (NK) cells, as well as various endothelial cell types. A medium-affinity heterodimeric receptor form, containing only IL-2R beta and IL-2R beta gamma, is found on CD8+ effector memory T cells and most NK cells.The IL-2R beta gamma Bioassay is a bioluminescent cell-based assay designed to measure human IL-2R beta gamma receptor stimulation or inhibition. The assay overcomes many of the limitations of current methods that cannot differentiate between signaling through high- and medium-affinity IL-2 receptors. These cells can be used for the development of biologic therapies intended to preferentially target the intermediate-affinity heterodimeric receptor.