
The antibodies used to stimulate T cell activation via interaction with co-stimulatory receptors on the effector cells can be cross-linked via binding to Fc?RIIb receptors on CHO-K1 cells. This crosslinking increases avidity and stabilizes the interaction of the antibody to the receptor, in certain cases. Based on the properties of the antibody tested, the Co-Stimulatory Immune Checkpoint (i.e., OX40, CD40, GITR and 4-1BB) bioassays can be conducted in a single genetically engineered cell system or dual genetically engineered cell systems. Fc?RIIb CHO-K1 Cells are engineered to express human Fc?RIIb. The Cell Propagation Model (CPM) format includes cryopreserved cells that can be thawed, propagated and banked for long-term use. These are not reporter cells, and they function solely to crosslink anti-CD40, anti-OX40, anti-4-1BB or anti-GITR antibodies.